Essential for skin health, particularly for those battling eczema or psoriasis, are moisturizers or emollients. These skin-nurturing products are available in a diverse array of forms and consistencies, ranging from oily ointments and Vaseline to lotions and creams. What kind of texture should individuals with eczema select based on the nature of their skin condition?
This article will provide a comprehensive analysis, discussing in depth the advantages and disadvantages of each moisturizer type and texture, helping you find the perfect match for your skin's unique requirements.
THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MOISTURIZERS
According to the guidelines provided by the Ministry of Health Malaysia (KKM) for eczema patients, moisturizers play a pivotal role as the 'First Defence'. This means they are the most crucial and primary method to manage eczema symptoms. Moisturizers or emollients work to prevent the skin from becoming dry and dehydrated. Dry skin is prone to itchiness and can lead to red rashes or flare-ups.
You should apply moisturizers as often as necessary. This could mean 2-3 times daily, or more if your skin is extremely dry. Don't wait for a flare-up to start using them.
Moisturizers are key in protecting the outermost layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum. A damaged skin barrier allows allergens, bacteria, and irritants to penetrate easily. Furthermore, damaged skin struggles to retain moisture effectively, leading to dryness and chronic itching, which can exacerbate eczema symptoms.
VARIETIES OF MOISTURIZER TEXTURES
Moisturizers are classified into three main textures: Lotions, Creams, and Ointments. Each type is differentiated by its oil and water content.
The chart above illustrates this: as we move to the right, the oil content in the texture increases, while moving to the left indicates a higher water content
1. OINTMENTS
PROS: Among the various moisturizers, ointments have the highest oil content, making them an excellent choice for treating eczema. Generally, ointments are less irritating and often contain fewer preservatives, making them suitable for sensitive skin while effectively retaining moisture.
CONS: Due to their thicker texture, ointments can be more cumbersome or greasy upon application. This might result in discomfort, a sticky or oily feeling, especially in hot weather or for those with sweat-prone skin
2. CREAM
PROS: Creams rank second in oil content and are effective in maintaining skin hydration. They have a less greasy texture compared to ointments, making them neater and easier to apply. Creams are also more suitable for use in hot and humid conditions than ointments.
CONS: Some creams contain stabilizing additives and preservatives (like SLS, SLES, Parabens, etc.) that may cause skin irritation. They require more frequent application than ointments to maintain effectiveness.
3. LOTION
PROS: The primary component of lotions is water, and they contain the least amount of oil compared to ointments and creams. This results in a texture that is lighter and more comfortable to use.
CONS: Due to their lower oil content, lotions evaporate more quickly and are not as effective for severe dry skin issues. Sometimes, lotions may contain preservatives that can be irritating when applied to sensitive skin.
CHOOSING THE RIGHT TEXTURE
The most suitable type of moisturizer texture for you depends on:
- The degree of dryness of your skin.
- The specific areas of skin that are affected.
- Your personal comfort and preference in using the product.
MANAGING MILD ECZEMA:
For regularly dry skin and infrequent eczema flare-ups, lotion or cream textures are advisable. Why? Lotions and creams are easier to apply and don't leave an oily discomfort, making them more comfortable after application. Lotions are typically the best choice for hairy skin areas.
ADDRESSING MODERATE TO SEVERE ECZEMA:
For moderate to severely dry skin, thicker creams or ointments are often the best solutions. Creams are easier to spread and less bothersome, but they need to be applied more frequently than ointments.
For areas with weeping eczema, creams or lotions are usually preferable as ointments can be very messy and greasy.
For first-time users of a product, apply a small amount (about the size of a pea) to the wrist or the inner elbow. Leave it for 24 hours; if there are no reactions (like rash, itchiness, or peeling), it indicates compatibility with your skin.
